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The Fédération Nationale Catholique (FNC) ((英語:National Catholic Federation)) was a French movement that was active in the 1920s and 1930s, with the purpose of defending the Catholic Church against secular trends in the governments of the time. The Federation was founded in 1924 in response to the election of a left-wing government with a secularist policy. After rapidly gaining members and staging large demonstrations, it soon achieved its goal of maintaining the status quo separation between church and state. The movement gradually lost momentum in the years that followed, although it remained in existence during the Vichy regime. ==Formation== The anti-religious ''Cartel des Gauches'' (Left-wing coalition) won the 1924 elections and formed a government led by Édouard Herriot. Under pressure to launch an anti-clerical program, Herriot closed the Vatican embassy and passed legislation enforcing secular education in Alsace-Lorraine. In response General Édouard de Curières de Castelnau organized the federation to defend the church against the laicists. The movement had little concern with the form of government, which could be a monarchy or a republic, but considered that all the evils of modern society resulted from the absence of God. Politics were viewed from a Catholic perspective. The Federation was supported by the church hierarchy in France. Jean Guiraud, head of the ''Associations Catholiques de Chefs de Famille'', supported the Federation and advertised its meetings in his columns in ''La Croix''. The right-wing ''Action Française'' gave the FNC much support in its defense of religious liberty. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fédération Nationale Catholique」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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